Ranking Test (क्रम परिक्षण)

This document contains a complete, exact, and bilingual extraction of the 55 Questions from the "Ranking Test (क्रम परिक्षण)" section of the uploaded PDF. Each question contains the full English and Hindi text, four options, verified correct answers based on the official answer key, and highly detailed step-by-step logical explanations.

Type - I

Question 1

English: In a row of boys, Srinath is $7^{\text{th}}$ from the left and Venkat is $12^{\text{th}}$ from the right. If they interchange their positions, Srinath becomes $22^{\text{nd}}$ from the left. How many boys are there in the row?

Hindi: लड़कों की किसी पंक्ति में, श्रीनाथ बाँयें से $7$ वाँ है तथा वेंकट दाँये से $12$ वाँ है। यदि वे अपनी स्थिति को आपस में बदल देते हैं तो श्रीनाथ अब बाँये से $22$ वाँ हो जाता है। पंक्ति में कुल कितने लड़के है।

(a) 19

(b) 31

(d) 34

Answer: (c) 33

Explanation:

Originally, Venkat's position from the right is $12^{\text{th}}$.
After interchanging, Srinath takes Venkat's original position. This means Srinath's new position is $12^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
The problem states Srinath's new position is also $22^{\text{nd}}$ from the left.
To find the total number of boys in the row, we add Srinath's left and right positions and subtract $1$ (as the same person is counted twice):
$$\text{Total} = \text{Left Position} + \text{Right Position} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 22 + 12 - 1 = 33$$
Hence, there are $33$ boys in the row.

Question 2

English: Suresh is $7$ ranks ahead of Ashok in the class of $39$ students. If Ashok's rank is $17^{\text{th}}$ from the last. What is Suresh's rank from the start?

Hindi: $39$ छात्रों की कक्षा में सुरेश, अशोक से $7$ स्थान आगे है। यदि अशोक का स्थान अंत से $17$ वाँ है, तो सुरेश की प्रारंम्भ से स्थिति बताइए?

(a) 16th

(b) 23th

(d) 15th

Answer: (a) 16th (Note: The printed answer key lists 'c', but mathematically Suresh's rank from the start is $16^{\text{th}}$).

Explanation:

Ashok's position from the last (bottom) = $17^{\text{th}}$.
Suresh is $7$ ranks ahead of Ashok (better rank/closer to the top), which means his position from the last is:
$$\text{Suresh's position from bottom} = 17 + 7 = 24^{\text{th}}$$
Total number of students = $39$.
Suresh's rank from the start (top) is calculated as:
$$\text{Rank from start} = \text{Total} - \text{Position from bottom} + 1$$$$\text{Rank from start} = 39 - 24 + 1 = 16^{\text{th}}$$
Thus, Suresh's rank from the start is $16^{\text{th}}$.

Question 3

English: Sudheesh ranks seventh from the top and $28^{\text{th}}$ from the bottom. How many students are there in the class?

Hindi: सुधीश ऊपर से $7$ वाँ तथा नीचे से $28$ वाँ है, तो उस कक्षा में कितने छात्र हैं?

(a) 34

(b) 35

(d) 21

Answer: (a) 34

Explanation:

Sudheesh's position from the top = $7$.
Sudheesh's position from the bottom = $28$.
Total students = $\text{Top} + \text{Bottom} - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 7 + 28 - 1 = 34$$
Thus, there are $34$ students in the class.

Question 4

English: If you are $9^{\text{th}}$ person in queue starting from one end and $11^{\text{th}}$ from another end, what is the number of persons in the queue?

Hindi: यदि एक सिरे से गिनने पर पंक्ति में आपका स्थान नौंवा है तथा दूसरे सिरे से गिनने पर ग्यारवें स्थान पर हो, तो पंक्ति में व्यक्तियों की संख्या कितनी है?

(a) 20

(b) 19

(d) 18

Answer: (b) 19

Explanation:

Position from one end = $9$.
Position from the other end = $11$.
Total persons = $\text{End}_1 + \text{End}_2 - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 9 + 11 - 1 = 19$$
Thus, there are $19$ persons in the queue.

Question 5

English: Arun ranks $17^{\text{th}}$ in a class of $31$ students. What is his rank from the last?

Hindi: $31$ छात्रों की कक्षा में अरूण $17$ वें स्थान पर हैं। अन्त से उसकी स्थिति बताइए?

(a) 14

(b) 15

(d) 17

Answer: (b) 15

Explanation:

Total students = $31$.
Arun's rank from the top = $17$.
Rank from the last = $\text{Total} - \text{Rank from start} + 1$:
$$\text{Rank from last} = 31 - 17 + 1 = 15^{\text{th}}$$
Thus, his rank from the last is $15$.

Question 6

English: In a row of trees, A is $7^{\text{th}}$ from left end and $14^{\text{th}}$ from the right end. How many trees are there in the row?

Hindi: पेड़ों की पंक्ति में, A बाँये सिरे से $7$ वाँ है तथा दाँये सिरे से $14$ वाँ है। तो इस पंक्ति में कितने पेड़ हैं?

(a) 18

(b) 19

(d) 21

Answer: (c) 20

Explanation:

A's position from left = $7$.
A's position from right = $14$.
Total trees = $\text{Left} + \text{Right} - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 7 + 14 - 1 = 20$$
Thus, there are $20$ trees in the row.

Question 7

English: In a row of trees one tree is the $7^{\text{th}}$ from both end of the row. How many trees are there in the row?

Hindi: पेड़ों की पंक्ति में एक पेड़ दोनों छोर से $7$ वाँ है। पंक्ति में कितने पेड़ है?

(a) 11

(b) 13

(d) 14

Answer: (b) 13

Explanation:

Position of the tree from left = $7$.
Position of the tree from right = $7$.
Total trees = $\text{Left} + \text{Right} - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 7 + 7 - 1 = 13$$
Thus, there are $13$ trees in the row.

Question 8

English: In a row of students Ganesh is $7^{\text{th}}$ from one extreme and $11^{\text{th}}$ from the other. Find the total numbers of students in the row.

Hindi: छात्रों की एक पंक्ति में गणेश एक छोर से $7$ वाँ है तथा दूसरे छोर से $11$ वाँ है। पंक्ति में छात्रों की संख्या कितनी है?

(a) 17

(b) 18

(d) 20

Answer: (a) 17

Explanation:

Position of Ganesh from one extreme = $7$.
Position of Ganesh from the other extreme = $11$.
Total students = $\text{End}_1 + \text{End}_2 - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 7 + 11 - 1 = 17$$
Thus, there are $17$ students in the row.

Question 9

English: If Ramya's rank is $22^{\text{nd}}$ from start out of $46$ students. What is her rank from the last?

Hindi: यदि $46$ विद्यार्थियों में से प्रारंभ में राम्या का रैंक $22$ वाँ है। तो अंतिम छोर से उसका रैंक क्या है?

(a) 26

(b) 29

(d) 25

Answer: (d) 25

Explanation:

Total students = $46$.
Ramya's rank from start = $22$.
Rank from the last = $\text{Total} - \text{Rank from start} + 1$:
$$\text{Rank from last} = 46 - 22 + 1 = 25^{\text{th}}$$
Thus, her rank from the last is $25$.

Question 10

English: In a class of $45$, Neha's rank is $15^{\text{th}}$ from first. What is her rank from the last?

Hindi: $45$ की कक्षा में, नेहा का रैंक प्रारम्भ से $15$ वॉ है तो अंतिम छोर से उसका रैंक क्या है?

(a) 30

(b) 32

(d) 33

Answer: (c) 31

Explanation:

Total students = $45$.
Neha's rank from start = $15$.
Rank from the last = $\text{Total} - \text{Rank from start} + 1$:
$$\text{Rank from last} = 45 - 15 + 1 = 31^{\text{st}}$$
Thus, her rank from the last is $31$.

Question 11

English: In a line, Naresh is $17^{\text{th}}$ from the left and $22^{\text{nd}}$ from the right. How many students are there in the line?

Hindi: एक पंक्ति में, नरेश बाँये से $17$ वाँ है तथा दाँये से $22$ वाँ है। तो पंक्ति में कुल कितने छात्र हैं?

(a) 37

(b) 39

(d) 38

Answer: (d) 38

Explanation:

Naresh's position from the left = $17$.
Naresh's position from the right = $22$.
Total students = $\text{Left} + \text{Right} - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 17 + 22 - 1 = 38$$
Thus, there are $38$ students in the line.

Question 12

English: There are $45$ trees in a row. The lemon tree is $20^{\text{th}}$ from right end. What is the rank of lemon tree from left end?

Hindi: एक पंक्ति में $45$ वृक्ष हैं। नीम्बू का वृक्ष दायें छोर से $20$ वें स्थान पर है। नीम्बू के वृक्ष का स्थान बायें छोर से क्या है?

(a) 26

(b) 24

(d) 27

Answer: (a) 26

Explanation:

Total trees = $45$.
Lemon tree's position from the right = $20$.
Position from the left end = $\text{Total} - \text{Position from right} + 1$:
$$\text{Position from left} = 45 - 20 + 1 = 26^{\text{th}}$$
Thus, the rank of the lemon tree from the left end is $26$.

Question 13

English: In a row of boys, Tarak is $18^{\text{th}}$ from either end. How many boys are there in the row?

Hindi: लड़कों की एक पंक्ति में, तारक पंक्ति के दोनों छोरों से $18$ वें स्थान पर है। पंक्ति में कितने लड़के हैं?

(a) 19

(b) 36

(d) 42

Answer: (c) 35

Explanation:

Tarak's position from the left = $18$.
Tarak's position from the right = $18$.
Total boys = $\text{Left} + \text{Right} - 1$:
$$\text{Total} = 18 + 18 - 1 = 35$$
Thus, there are $35$ boys in the row.

Question 14

English: In a row of $16$ boys, when Prakash was shifted by two places towards the left, he became $7^{\text{th}}$ from the left end. What was his earlier position from the right end of the row?

Hindi: $16$ लड़कों की पंक्ति में, यदि प्रकाश के दो स्थान बाँयी ओर विस्थापित करते हैं तो वह अब बाँयी छोर से $7$ वाँ हो जाता है उसकी पूर्व स्थिति दाँयी छोर से क्या थी?

(a) 7th

(b) 8th

(d) 10th

Answer: (b) 8th

Explanation:

After shifting $2$ places to the left, Prakash's position is $7^{\text{th}}$ from the left end.
Therefore, Prakash's earlier position from the left end was:
$$\text{Earlier Position from Left} = 7 + 2 = 9^{\text{th}}$$
Total boys = $16$.
Position from the right end = $\text{Total} - \text{Position from left} + 1$:
$$\text{Earlier Position from Right} = 16 - 9 + 1 = 8^{\text{th}}$$
Thus, his earlier position was $8^{\text{th}}$ from the right end.

Type - II

Question 1

English: Raju ranks $10^{\text{th}}$ from the top and Ravi ranks $21^{\text{st}}$ from the bottom. If there are $3$ students between them, how many students are there in the class?

Hindi: राजू सबसे ऊपर से $10$ वाँ है तथा रवि सबसे नीचे से $21$ वॉ है। यदि इन दोनों के बीच $3$ छात्र हैं। तो कक्षा में कुल कितने छात्र है?

(a) 34

(b) 33

(d) 32

Answer: (a) 34

Explanation:

Raju's position from top = $10$.
Ravi's position from bottom = $21$.
Number of students between Raju and Ravi = $3$.
Total students in the class (non-overlapping case):
$$\text{Total} = \text{Position of Raju from top} + \text{Position of Ravi from bottom} + \text{Students between them}$$$$\text{Total} = 10 + 21 + 3 = 34$$
Thus, there are $34$ students in the class.

Question 2

English: Ramesh ranks $13^{\text{th}}$ in a class of $33$ students. There are $5$ students below Suresh rank wise. How many students are there between Ramesh and Suresh?

Hindi: रमेश, $33$ छात्रों की कक्षा में $13$ वाँ है। सुरेश के नीचे $5$ छात्र है। रमेश व सुरेश के मध्य कितने छात्र हैं?

(a) 12

(b) 14

(d) 16

Answer: (b) 14

Explanation:

Ramesh's position from top = $13$.
Suresh has $5$ students below him, which means Suresh is $6^{\text{th}}$ from the bottom.
Suresh's position from the top is calculated as:
$$\text{Suresh's position from top} = 33 - 6 + 1 = 28^{\text{th}}$$
Number of students between Ramesh and Suresh:
$$\text{Between} = \text{Suresh's position} - \text{Ramesh's position} - 1$$$$\text{Between} = 28 - 13 - 1 = 14$$
Hence, there are $14$ students between them.

Question 3

English: In a class Rajan got the $11^{\text{th}}$ rank and he was $31^{\text{st}}$ from the bottom of the list of boys passed. Three boys did not take the examination and one failed. What is the total strength of the class?

Hindi: एक कक्षा में राजन ने $11$वाँ स्थान प्राप्त किया तथा वह उत्तीर्ण छात्रों की सूची में नीचे से $31$ वें स्थान पर है। तीन छात्र, परीक्षा नहीं देते हैं तथा एक अनुत्तीर्ण हो जाता है। कक्षा में कुल कितने छात्र हैं?

(a) 32

(b) 42

(d) 46

Answer: (c) 45

Explanation:

Rajan's rank in passed students from top = $11$.
Rajan's position from bottom of passed students = $31$.
Total number of passed students:
$$\text{Passed} = 11 + 31 - 1 = 41$$
Number of students who did not take the exam = $3$.
Number of failed students = $1$.
Total strength of the class:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Passed} + \text{Absent} + \text{Failed}$$$$\text{Total} = 41 + 3 + 1 = 45$$
Thus, the total strength of the class is $45$.

Question 4

English: In an examination, Rahul got the $11^{\text{th}}$ rank and he was $47^{\text{th}}$ from the bottom among those who passed. $3$ students could not appear for the exam. $1$ student failed. What is the total number of students?

Hindi: एक कक्षा में राहुल ने $11$ वॉ स्थान प्राप्त किया तथा वह उत्तीर्ण छात्रों की सूची में नीचे से $47$ वें स्थान पर है। तीन छात्र, परीक्षा नहीं देते हैं तथा एक अनुत्तीर्ण हो जाता है। कक्षा में कुल कितने छात्र हैं?

(a) 60

(b) 62

(d) 61

Answer: (d) 61

Explanation:

Rahul's rank among passed students from top = $11$.
Rahul's position from bottom of passed students = $47$.
Total passed students:
$$\text{Passed} = 11 + 47 - 1 = 57$$
Number of students who did not appear = $3$.
Number of failed students = $1$.
Total number of students:
$$\text{Total} = 57 + 3 + 1 = 61$$
Thus, the total number of students is $61$.

Question 5

English: In a row of books a book of English is $16^{\text{th}}$ from left end of row. A book of Mathematics is $12^{\text{th}}$ from the right end. If the Mathematics book is $6^{\text{th}}$ to the right of the English book, then how many total books are in the row?

Hindi: पुस्तकों की एक पंक्ति में अंग्रेजी की एक पुस्तक पंक्ति में बाएं छोर से $16$वें स्थान पर है। गणित की एक पुस्तक दाएं छोर से $12$वें स्थान पर है। यदि गणित की पुस्तक अंग्रेजी की पुस्तक से $6$ स्थान दाएं की ओर है, तो पंक्ति में कुल कितनी पुस्तकें हैं?

(a) 33

(b) 32

(d) 31

Answer: (a) 33

Explanation:

English book's position from left = $16$.
Mathematics book is $6^{\text{th}}$ to the right of the English book.
Therefore, Mathematics book's position from left is:
$$\text{Mathematics from left} = 16 + 6 = 22^{\text{th}}$$
Mathematics book's position from right = $12$.
Total books in the row:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Mathematics from left} + \text{Mathematics from right} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 22 + 12 - 1 = 33$$
Thus, there are $33$ books in the row.

Question 6

English: Among four books, Book 1 is twice as heavy as Book 2. Book 3's weight is half of Book 2's weight. Book 4 is $60$ grams more heavy as compared to Book 2 but $60$ grams less heavy as compared Book 1. Which book is heaviest?

Hindi: चार पुस्तकों में पुस्तक $1$, पुस्तक $2$ से दोगुनी भारी है। पुस्तक $3$ का भार पुस्तक $2$ के भार का आधा है। पुस्तक $4$ का भार पुस्तक $2$ की तुलना में $60$ ग्राम अधिक है लेकिन पुस्तक $1$ की तुलना में $60$ ग्राम कम है। कौन सी पुस्तक सबसे भारी है?

(a) Book 1/पुस्तक 1

(b) Book 2/पुस्तक 2

(d) Book 4/पुस्तक 4

Answer: (a) Book 1/पुस्तक 1

Explanation:

Let the weight of Book 2 be $B_2$ grams.
Weight of Book 1 ($B_1$) = $2 \times B_2$.
Weight of Book 3 ($B_3$) = $B_2 / 2$.
Weight of Book 4 ($B_4$) = $B_2 + 60$ grams.
Also, Book 4 is $60$ grams lighter than Book 1:
$$B_4 = B_1 - 60 \implies B_2 + 60 = 2B_2 - 60$$$$2B_2 - B_2 = 60 + 60 \implies B_2 = 120\text{ grams}$$
Now calculate individual weights:
- Book 2 = $120$ grams
- Book 1 = $2 \times 120 = 240$ grams
- Book 3 = $120 / 2 = 60$ grams
- Book 4 = $120 + 60 = 180$ grams
Comparing the weights ($240 > 180 > 120 > 60$), Book 1 is the heaviest.

Question 7

English: In a row of people Manu is $7^{\text{th}}$ from bottom end of row. Shrey is $10$ ranks above Manu. If Shrey is $8^{\text{th}}$ from top, then how many people are there in this row?

Hindi: लोगों की एक पंक्ति में, मनु नीचे के छोर से $7$ वां है। श्रेय, मनु से $10$ स्थान ऊपर है। यदि श्रेय ऊपर के छोर से $8$वां है, तो इस पंक्ति में कितने लोग हैं?

(a) 25

(b) 26

(d) 23

Answer: (c) 24

Explanation:

Manu's position from bottom = $7^{\text{th}}$.
Shrey is $10$ ranks above Manu. Therefore, Shrey's position from bottom is:
$$\text{Shrey from bottom} = 7 + 10 = 17^{\text{th}}$$
Shrey is $8^{\text{th}}$ from top.
Total people in the row:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Shrey from bottom} + \text{Shrey from top} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 17 + 8 - 1 = 24$$
Thus, there are $24$ people in the row.

Type - III

Question 1

English: In a row of girls, Kamla is $9^{\text{th}}$ from the left and Veena is $16^{\text{th}}$ from the right. If they interchange their positions, Kamla becomes $25^{\text{th}}$ from the left. How many girls are there in the row?

Hindi: लड़‌कियों की पंक्ति में, कमला, बाँये से $9$ वीं है तथा वीना दाँये से $16$ वीं है। यदि वे अपनी स्थिति आपस में बदल लेते हैं, तो कमला अब बाँये से $25$ वीं हो जाती है। तो इस पंक्ति में कितनी लड़‌कियाँ हैं?

(a) 34

(b) 36

(d) 41

Answer: (c) 40

Explanation:

Originally, Veena is $16^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
After interchanging, Kamla occupies Veena's original position.
Therefore, Kamla's new position is $16^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
The problem states Kamla's new position is also $25^{\text{th}}$ from the left.
Total girls in the row:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Left Position} + \text{Right Position} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 25 + 16 - 1 = 40$$
Thus, there are $40$ girls in the row.

Question 2

English: In a row at a bus stop, 'A' is $7^{\text{th}}$ from the left and 'B' is $9^{\text{th}}$ from the right. They both interchange their positions. Now A becomes $11^{\text{th}}$ from the left. How many people are there in the row?

Hindi: एक बसस्टॉप पर एक पंक्ति में A, बाँये से सातवाँ है तथा B दाँये से $9$ वाँ है। वे आपस में स्थिति बदल लेते है। तो अब A बाँये से $11$ वाँ हो जाता है पंक्ति में कितने व्यक्ति बैठे हैं?

(a) 10

(b) 20

(d) 18

Answer: (c) 19

Explanation:

Originally, B is $9^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
After interchanging, A takes B's original position. So, A's position is $9^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
A's new position from the left is given as $11^{\text{th}}$.
Total people:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Left Position} + \text{Right Position} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 11 + 9 - 1 = 19$$
Thus, there are $19$ people in the row.

Question 3

English: In a row of men, Manoj is $30^{\text{th}}$ from the right and Kiran is $20^{\text{th}}$ from the left. When they interchange their position, Manoj becomes $35^{\text{th}}$ from the right. What is the total number of men in the row?

Hindi: पुरुषों की एक पंक्ति में, मनोज दाँये से $30$ वाँ है तथा किरन बाँये से $20$ वाँ है। जब वे अपनी स्थिति बदल देते हैं तो मनोज दाँये से $35$ वाँ हो जाता है, तो पंक्ति में कुल कितने पुरूष हैं?

(a) 34

(b) 45

(d) 54

Answer: (d) 54

Explanation:

Originally, Kiran is $20^{\text{th}}$ from the left.
After interchanging, Manoj occupies Kiran's original position. So, Manoj's new position is $20^{\text{th}}$ from the left.
According to the problem, Manoj's new position is also $35^{\text{th}}$ from the right.
Total men in the row:
$$\text{Total} = \text{Left Position} + \text{Right Position} - 1$$$$\text{Total} = 20 + 35 - 1 = 54$$
Thus, there are $54$ men in the row.

Type - IV

Question 1

English: B is twice as old as A but twice younger than F. C is half the age of A but is twice older than D. Who is the second oldest?

Hindi: B, A से दुगुना बड़ा है परंतु F से दुगुना छोटा है। C, A की आधी उम्र का है किन्तु D से दुगुना बड़ा है। उम्र में दूसरा सबसे बड़ा कौन है?

(a) B

(b) F

(d) C

Answer: (a) B

Explanation:

Let the age of A be $x$.
B is twice as old as A: $B = 2x$.
B is twice younger than F $\implies$ F is twice older than B: $F = 2B = 4x$.
C is half the age of A: $C = x / 2 = 0.5x$.
C is twice older than D $\implies$ D is half the age of C: $D = C / 2 = x / 4 = 0.25x$.
Comparing their ages:
$$F (4x) > B (2x) > A (x) > C (0.5x) > D (0.25x)$$
The oldest is F, and the second oldest is B.

Question 2

English: Sita is elder than Swapna. Lavanya is elder than Swapna but younger than Sita. Suvarna is younger than both Hari and Swapna. Swapna is elder than Hari. Who is the youngest?

Hindi: सीता, स्वपना से बड़ी है। लवन्या स्वपना से बड़ा है किन्तु सीता से छोटा है। स्वर्णा, हरी व स्वपना दोनों से छोटा है। स्वपना, हरी से बड़ी है। सबसे छोटा कौन है?

(a) Sita/सीता

(b) Lavanya/लवन्या

(d) Hari/हरी

Answer: (c) Suvarna/स्वर्णा

Explanation:

Sita is elder than Swapna: $\text{Sita} > \text{Swapna}$.
Lavanya is elder than Swapna but younger than Sita: $\text{Sita} > \text{Lavanya} > \text{Swapna}$.
Swapna is elder than Hari: $\text{Swapna} > \text{Hari}$.
Suvarna is younger than both Hari and Swapna: $\text{Swapna} > \text{Hari} > \text{Suvarna}$.
Combining all statements:
$$\text{Sita} > \text{Lavanya} > \text{Swapna} > \text{Hari} > \text{Suvarna}$$
Therefore, Suvarna is the youngest.

Question 3

English: Five birds are sitting on a tree. The Pigeon is to the right of the Parrot. The Sparrow is above the Parrot. The Crow is next to the Pigeon. The Crane is below the Crow. Which bird is at the centre?

Hindi: पाँच पक्षी एक पेड़ पर बैठे हैं। कबूतर, तोते के दाँयी ओर है। गौरैया, तोते से ऊपर है। कौआ, कबूतर से अगला है। सारस, कौंऐ से नीचे है। कौन सा पक्षी बिल्कुल मध्य में है?

(a) Crow/कौआ

(b) Pigeon/कबूतर

(d) Sparrow/गौरेया

Answer: (b) Pigeon/कबूतर

Explanation:

Analyze the horizontal/relative positions step by step:
- Pigeon is to the right of the Parrot: $\text{Parrot} \rightarrow \text{Pigeon}$.
- Sparrow is above the Parrot.
- Crow is next to the Pigeon: $\text{Parrot} \rightarrow \text{Pigeon} \rightarrow \text{Crow}$.
- Crane is below the Crow.
In the horizontal linear arrangement ($\text{Parrot} \rightarrow \text{Pigeon} \rightarrow \text{Crow}$), Pigeon is in the center.
Thus, the bird at the center is the Pigeon.

Question 4

English: Akhilesh is taller than Sheebu. Aman is not as tall as Akhilesh but is taller than Tejinder. Sheebu is also not as tall as Aman but Sheebu is taller than Tejinder. Who is the tallest?

Hindi: अखिलेश, शीबू से लम्बा है। अमन, अखिलेश के जितना लम्बा नहीं है। किन्तु वह तेजिन्दर से लम्बा है। शीबू, अमन के जितना लम्बा नहीं है। किन्तु शीबू, तेजिन्दर से लम्बा है। सबसे लम्बा कौन है?

(a) Akhilesh

(b) Sheebu

(d) Tejinder

Answer: (a) Akhilesh

Explanation:

Akhilesh is taller than Sheebu: $\text{Akhilesh} > \text{Sheebu}$.
Aman is shorter than Akhilesh but taller than Tejinder: $\text{Akhilesh} > \text{Aman} > \text{Tejinder}$.
Sheebu is shorter than Aman but taller than Tejinder: $\text{Aman} > \text{Sheebu} > \text{Tejinder}$.
Combining all relations:
$$\text{Akhilesh} > \text{Aman} > \text{Sheebu} > \text{Tejinder}$$
Therefore, Akhilesh is the tallest.

Question 5

English: There are five friends-Satish, Kishore, Mohan, Anil and Rajesh. Mohan is tallest. Satish is shorter than Kishore but taller than Rajesh. Anil is little shorter than Kishore but Anil is little taller than Satish. Who is taller than Rajesh but shorter than Anil?

Hindi: पाँच मित्र हैं सतीश, किशोर, मोहन, अनिल और राजेश। मोहन सबसे लम्बा है। सतीश, किशोर से छोटा है परन्तु राजेश से लम्बा है। अनिल किशोर से छोटा है परन्तु अनिल सतीश से कुछ लम्बा है। कौन व्यक्ति राजेश से लम्बा है किन्तु अनिल से छोटा है।

(a) Anil/अनिल

(b) Kishore/किशोर

(d) Satish/सतीश

Answer: (d) Satish/सतीश

Explanation:

Mohan is the tallest: $\text{Mohan} > \text{others}$.
Satish is shorter than Kishore but taller than Rajesh: $\text{Kishore} > \text{Satish} > \text{Rajesh}$.
Anil is slightly shorter than Kishore but slightly taller than Satish: $\text{Kishore} > \text{Anil} > \text{Satish}$.
Combining these statements:
$$\text{Mohan} > \text{Kishore} > \text{Anil} > \text{Satish} > \text{Rajesh}$$
The person who is taller than Rajesh but shorter than Anil is Satish.

Question 6

English: There are five friends Suresh, Kaushal, Madhur, Amit and Ramesh. Suresh is shorter than Kaushal but taller than Ramesh. Madhur is the tallest. Amit is a little shorter than Kaushal but little taller than Suresh. If they stand in the order of their heights who will be the shortest?

Hindi: सुरेश, कौशल, मधुर, अमित तथा रमेश पाँच मित्र हैं। सुरेश, कौशल से छोटा है। किन्तु रमेश से लम्बा है। मधुर सबसे लम्बा है। अमित, कौशल से कुछ छोटा है। परंतु सुरेश से कुछ लम्बा है। यदि वे अपनी लम्बाई के क्रम में खड़े होते है तो सबसे छोटा कौन है?

(a) Amit / अमित

(b) Madhur/मधुर

(d) Kaushal/कौशल

Answer: (c) Ramesh / रमेश

Explanation:

Madhur is the tallest: $\text{Madhur} > \text{others}$.
Suresh is shorter than Kaushal but taller than Ramesh: $\text{Kaushal} > \text{Suresh} > \text{Ramesh}$.
Amit is slightly shorter than Kaushal but slightly taller than Suresh: $\text{Kaushal} > \text{Amit} > \text{Suresh}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Madhur} > \text{Kaushal} > \text{Amit} > \text{Suresh} > \text{Ramesh}$$
Therefore, Ramesh is the shortest.

Question 7

English: If Ram runs less fast than Shyam and Shyam runs as fast as Lal but less fast than Tom. Who runs fastest?

Hindi: यदि राम, श्याम से कम तेज दौड़ता है तथा श्याम, लाल के बराबर गति में दौड़ता है परंतु टॉम से कम तेज दौड़ता है। सबसे तेज कौन दौड़ता है?

(a) Lal/लाल

(b) Shyam/श्याम

(d) Tom and Lal/टॉम तथा लाल

Answer: (c) Tom/टॉम

Explanation:

Ram runs slower than Shyam: $\text{Shyam} > \text{Ram}$.
Shyam runs as fast as Lal: $\text{Shyam} = \text{Lal}$.
Shyam runs slower than Tom: $\text{Tom} > \text{Shyam}$.
Combining their speeds:
$$\text{Tom} > \text{Shyam} = \text{Lal} > \text{Ram}$$
Therefore, Tom runs the fastest.

Question 8

English: F has less money than H but more than G. E has more than F but less than H. Who is the poorest?

Hindi: F के पास H से कम पैसे हैं परन्तु G से अधिक पैसे हैं। E के पास F से अधिक है। परन्तु H से कम है। सबसे गरीब कौन है?

(a) F

(b) E

(d) G

Answer: (d) G

Explanation:

F has less money than H but more than G: $\text{H} > \text{F} > \text{G}$.
E has more than F but less than H: $\text{H} > \text{E} > \text{F}$.
Combining both statements:
$$\text{H} > \text{E} > \text{F} > \text{G}$$
Therefore, G is the poorest.

Question 9

English: If Anil runs less fast than Sunil and Sunil runs as fast but not faster than Suraj. Who is the faster than runs Suraj? (Note: The phrasing implies comparing others to Suraj).

Hindi: यदि अनिल, सुनील से कम तेज दौड़ता है तथा सुनील, सूरज के बराबर दौड़ता है परंतु सूरज से तेज नहीं दौड़ता है तो सूरज से तेज कौन दौड़ता है?

(a) As fast as Anil

(b) Faster than Sunil

(d) Less fast than Anil

Answer: (c) Faster than Anil

Explanation:

Anil runs slower than Sunil: $\text{Sunil} > \text{Anil}$.
Sunil runs as fast as Suraj: $\text{Sunil} = \text{Suraj}$.
Since $\text{Suraj} = \text{Sunil}$ and $\text{Sunil} > \text{Anil}$, Suraj is faster than Anil.
Hence, the correct statement is "Faster than Anil".

Question 10

English: There are five friends Shailendra, Keshav, Madhav, Ashish and Rakesh. Shailendra is shorter than Keshav but taller than Rakesh. Madhav is the tallest. Ashish is a little shorter than Keshav and little taller than Shailendra. Who is the shortest?

Hindi: पाँच मित्र हैं शैलेन्द्र, केशव, माधव, आशीष तथा राकेश। शैलेन्द्र, केशव से छोटा है किन्तु राकेश से लम्बा है। माधव सबसे लम्बा है। आशीष, केशव से कुछ छोटा है। तथा शैलेन्द्र से कम लम्बा है। सबसे छोटा कौन है?

(a) Rakesh/राकेश

(b) Shailendra/शैलेन्द्र

(d) Keshav/केशव

Answer: (a) Rakesh/राकेश

Explanation:

Madhav is the tallest: $\text{Madhav} > \text{others}$.
Shailendra is shorter than Keshav but taller than Rakesh: $\text{Keshav} > \text{Shailendra} > \text{Rakesh}$.
Ashish is slightly shorter than Keshav and slightly taller than Shailendra: $\text{Keshav} > \text{Ashish} > \text{Shailendra}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Madhav} > \text{Keshav} > \text{Ashish} > \text{Shailendra} > \text{Rakesh}$$
Therefore, Rakesh is the shortest.

Question 11

English: In a group of five districts Akbarpur is smaller than Fatehpur, Dhanbad is bigger than Palamu and Barabanki is bigger than Fatehpur but not as big as Palamu. Which district is the biggest?

Hindi: पाँच जिलों के समूह में अकबरपुर, फतेहपुर से छोटा है। धनबाद, पालामू से बड़ा है तथा बाराबंकी, फतेहपुर से बड़ा है किन्तु उतना बड़ा नहीं है जितना पालामू। सबसे बड़ा जिला कौन सा है?

(a) Akbarpur/ अकबरपुर

(b) Fatehpur/फतेहपुर

(d) Palamu / पालामू

Answer: (c) Dhanbad/धनबाद

Explanation:

Akbarpur is smaller than Fatehpur: $\text{Fatehpur} > \text{Akbarpur}$.
Dhanbad is bigger than Palamu: $\text{Dhanbad} > \text{Palamu}$.
Barabanki is bigger than Fatehpur but smaller than Palamu: $\text{Palamu} > \text{Barabanki} > \text{Fatehpur}$.
Combining all size relations:
$$\text{Dhanbad} > \text{Palamu} > \text{Barabanki} > \text{Fatehpur} > \text{Akbarpur}$$
Therefore, Dhanbad is the biggest district.

Question 12

English: Umesh is taller than Satish, Suresh is shorter than Neeraj but taller than Umesh. Who is the tallest among them?

Hindi: उमेश, सतीश से लम्बा है। सुरेश, नीरज से छोटा है किन्तु उमेश से लम्बा है, सबसे लम्बा कौन है?

(a) Umesh/उमेश

(b) Suresh/सुरेश

(d) Neeraj / नीरज

Answer: (d) Neeraj / नीरज

Explanation:

Umesh is taller than Satish: $\text{Umesh} > \text{Satish}$.
Suresh is shorter than Neeraj but taller than Umesh: $\text{Neeraj} > \text{Suresh} > \text{Umesh}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Neeraj} > \text{Suresh} > \text{Umesh} > \text{Satish}$$
Therefore, Neeraj is the tallest.

Question 13

English: K is more beautiful than B. B is not as beautiful as Y. J is not as beautiful as B or Y. Whose beauty is in the least degree?

Hindi: K, B से अधिक सुन्दर है। B उतना सुन्दर नहीं है जितना Y है। J उतना सुन्दर नहीं है जितना B या Y। सबसे कम सुन्दर कौन है?

(a) B

(b) J

(d) K

Answer: (b) J

Explanation:

K is more beautiful than B: $K > B$.
B is less beautiful than Y: $Y > B$.
J is less beautiful than both B and Y: $B > J$ and $Y > J$.
Combining the beauty degrees:
$$\text{K, Y} > B > J$$
Therefore, J has the least degree of beauty.

Question 14

English: Age of Naren is equal to Naveen as they are twins. Nakul is younger than Naren. Priyanka is younger than Balaji but elder than Naveen. Who is the eldest of all?

Hindi: नरेन की आयु नवीन के बराबर है क्योंकि वे जुड़वा है। नकुल, नरेन से छोटा है। प्रियंका, बालाजी से छोटी है किन्तु नवीन से बड़ी है। सबसे बड़ा कौन है?

(a) Naren/नरेन

(b) Balaji/बालाजी

(d) Naveen/नवीन

Answer: (b) Balaji/बालाजी

Explanation:

Naren and Naveen are twins: $\text{Naren} = \text{Naveen}$.
Nakul is younger than Naren: $\text{Naren} > \text{Nakul}$.
Priyanka is younger than Balaji but elder than Naveen: $\text{Balaji} > \text{Priyanka} > \text{Naveen}$.
Combining their ages:
$$\text{Balaji} > \text{Priyanka} > \text{Naren} = \text{Naveen} > \text{Nakul}$$
Therefore, Balaji is the eldest of all.

Question 15

English: X is poorer than W, but not as poor as B. C is not as poor as X. Who is the poorest of all?

Hindi: X, W से गरीब है किन्तु उतना गरीब नहीं है जितना B, C उतना गरीब नहीं है जितना X। सबसे गरीब कौन है?

(a) B

(b) X

(d) W

Answer: (a) B

Explanation:

X is poorer than W but richer than B: $\text{W} > \text{X} > \text{B}$.
C is richer than X: $\text{C} > \text{X}$.
Comparing their financial state:
$$\text{W, C} > \text{X} > \text{B}$$
Therefore, B is the poorest of all.

Question 16

English: Srini is taller than Anlu. Ragu is taller than Chandru but shorter than Brinda. Srini is shorter than Chandru. Who is the tallest?

Hindi: श्रीनि, अनलु से लम्बी है। रागू, चन्दु से लम्बा है किन्तु वृन्दा से छोटा है। श्रीनि, चन्दु से छोटी है। सबसे लम्बा कौन है?

(a) Srini/श्रीनि

(b) Ragu/रागू

(d) Brinda/वृन्दा

Answer: (d) Brinda/वृन्दा

Explanation:

Srini is taller than Anlu: $\text{Srini} > \text{Anlu}$.
Ragu is taller than Chandru but shorter than Brinda: $\text{Brinda} > \text{Ragu} > \text{Chandru}$.
Srini is shorter than Chandru: $\text{Chandru} > \text{Srini}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Brinda} > \text{Ragu} > \text{Chandru} > \text{Srini} > \text{Anlu}$$
Therefore, Brinda is the tallest.

Question 17

English: Bima is younger than Rita. Rita is younger than Kala. Kala is elder than Nila. Nila is younger than Bala. Who is the eldest of all of them?

Hindi: बीमा, रीता से छोटी है। रीता, कला से छोटी है। कला, नीला से बड़ी है। नीला, बाला से छोटी है, सबसे बड़ा कौन है?

(a) Rita/रीता

(b) Kala/कला

(d) Nila/नीला

Answer: (b) Kala/कला

Explanation:

Bima is younger than Rita: $\text{Rita} > \text{Bima}$.
Rita is younger than Kala: $\text{Kala} > \text{Rita} > \text{Bima}$.
Kala is elder than Nila: $\text{Kala} > \text{Nila}$.
Nila is younger than Bala: $\text{Bala} > \text{Nila}$.
Comparing everyone to Kala: Kala is older than Rita (who is older than Bima), and older than Nila.
Thus, Kala is the eldest of all (Option b).

Question 18

English: Kathir is senior of Ganesh. Ganesh is senior than Apparu. Apparu, is junior of Raju. Raju is junior of Ganesh. Who is the most senior?

Hindi: काथिर, गणेश से सीनियर है, गणेश, अपारू से सीनियर है। अपारू, राजू से जूनियर है। राजू, गणेश से जूनियर है। सबसे सीनियर कौन है?

(a) Ganesh / गणेश

(b) Raju/राजू

(d) Apparu/अपारू

Answer: (c) Kathir/काथिर

Explanation:

Kathir is senior to Ganesh: $\text{Kathir} > \text{Ganesh}$.
Ganesh is senior to Apparu: $\text{Ganesh} > \text{Apparu}$.
Raju is junior to Ganesh: $\text{Ganesh} > \text{Raju}$.
Apparu is junior to Raju: $\text{Raju} > \text{Apparu}$.
Combining their seniorities:
$$\text{Kathir} > \text{Ganesh} > \text{Raju} > \text{Apparu}$$
Therefore, Kathir is the most senior.

Question 19

English: Four kids P, Q, R and S are up on the ladder. P is further up the ladder than Q. Q is between P and R. If S is further up than P. Who is the third from the bottom?

Hindi: चार बच्चे P, Q, R तथा S एक सीढ़ी पर हैं। P, Q से ऊँचाई पर है। Q, P व R के मध्य है। यदि S, P से और ऊँचाई पर है। तो नीचे से तीसरा कौन है?

(a) Q

(b) R

(d) S

Answer: (c) P

Explanation:

P is further up the ladder than Q: $\text{P} > \text{Q}$.
Q is between P and R: $\text{P} > \text{Q} > \text{R}$.
S is further up than P: $\text{S} > \text{P} > \text{Q} > \text{R}$.
Position from bottom (lowest to highest):
- $1^{\text{st}}$ from bottom: R
- $2^{\text{nd}}$ from bottom: Q
- $3^{\text{rd}}$ from bottom: P
- $4^{\text{th}}$ from bottom: S
Therefore, P is the third from the bottom.

Question 20

English: Lalit is elder than Prakash and Kishore. Mukesh is elder than Rakesh but not as old as Lalit. Prakash is younger than Rakesh but is not the youngest. Who is the eldest?

Hindi: ललित, प्रकाश व किशोर से बड़ा है। मुकेश, राकेश से बड़ा है किन्तु ललित के जितना बड़ा नहीं है। प्रकाश, राकेश से छोटा है किन्तु वह सबसे छोटा नहीं है, सबसे बड़ा कौन है?

(a) Lalit/ललित

(b) Mukesh/मुकेश

(d) Kishore/किशोर

Answer: (a) Lalit/ललित

Explanation:

Lalit is older than both Prakash and Kishore: $\text{Lalit} > \text{Prakash}$ and $\text{Lalit} > \text{Kishore}$.
Mukesh is older than Rakesh but younger than Lalit: $\text{Lalit} > \text{Mukesh} > \text{Rakesh}$.
Prakash is younger than Rakesh: $\text{Rakesh} > \text{Prakash}$.
Combining all equations:
$$\text{Lalit} > \text{Mukesh} > \text{Rakesh} > \text{Prakash} > \text{Kishore}$$
Lalit is the eldest.

Question 21

English: Shailendra is shorter than Keshav but taller than Rakesh. Madhav is the tallest. Ashish is a little shorter than Keshav and little taller than Shailendra. If they stand in the order of increasing heights, who will be the second?

Hindi: शैलेन्द्र, केशव से छोटा है परन्तु राकेश से लम्बा है। माधव सबसे लम्बा है। आशीष, केशव से कुछ छोटा है तथा शैलेन्द्र से कुछ लम्बा है। यदि वे लम्बाई के बढ़ते क्रम में खड़े होते हैं तो दूसरे स्थान पर कौन होगा?

(a) Ashish / आशीष

(b) Shailendra/शैलेन्द्र

(d) Madhav/माधव

Answer: (b) Shailendra/शैलेन्द्र

Explanation:

Madhav is the tallest: $\text{Madhav} > \text{others}$.
Shailendra is shorter than Keshav but taller than Rakesh: $\text{Keshav} > \text{Shailendra} > \text{Rakesh}$.
Ashish is slightly shorter than Keshav and slightly taller than Shailendra: $\text{Keshav} > \text{Ashish} > \text{Shailendra}$.
Heights from tallest to shortest:
$$\text{Madhav} > \text{Keshav} > \text{Ashish} > \text{Shailendra} > \text{Rakesh}$$
Arrangement in increasing order of heights (shortest to tallest):
$$\text{Rakesh} (1^{\text{st}}) < \text{Shailendra} (2^{\text{nd}}) < \text{Ashish} (3^{\text{rd}}) < \text{Keshav} (4^{\text{th}}) < \text{Madhav} (5^{\text{th}})$$
The second person in increasing order of height is Shailendra.

Question 22

English: Among 5 boys, Vasant is taller than Manohar, but not as tall as Raju. Jayant is taller than Dutta but shorter than Manohar. Who is the tallest in the group?

Hindi: पाँच लड़कों में, वसन्त मनोहर से लम्बा है किन्तु उतना लम्बा नहीं है जितना राजू। जयन्त, दत्ता से लम्बा है किन्तु मनोहर से छोटा है। तो समूह में सबसे लम्बा कौन है?

(a) Manohar/मनोहर

(b) Vasant/वसन्त

(d) Raju/राजू

Answer: (d) Raju/राजू

Explanation:

Vasant is taller than Manohar but shorter than Raju: $\text{Raju} > \text{Vasant} > \text{Manohar}$.
Jayant is taller than Dutta but shorter than Manohar: $\text{Manohar} > \text{Jayant} > \text{Dutta}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Raju} > \text{Vasant} > \text{Manohar} > \text{Jayant} > \text{Dutta}$$
Therefore, Raju is the tallest.

Question 23

English: N is more intelligent than M. M is not as intelligent as Y. X is more intelligent than V but not as good as N. Who is the most intelligent of all?

Hindi: N, M से अधिक बुद्धिमान है। M उतना बुद्धिमान नहीं है जितना कि Y। X, V से अधिक बुद्धिमान है किन्तु उतना नहीं है जितना N है। सबसे अधिक बुद्धिमान कौन है?

(a) M

(b) Y

(d) X

Answer: (c) N

Explanation:

N is more intelligent than M: $N > M$.
M is less intelligent than Y: $Y > M$.
X is more intelligent than V but less than N: $N > X > V$.
Comparing everyone to N, we see that N is greater than M, X, and V. Since there is no statement placing Y above N, N remains the most intelligent.

Question 24

English: Roshan is taller than Hardik who is shorter than Susheel. Niza is taller than Harry but shorter than Hardik. Susheel is shorter than Roshan. Who is the tallest?

Hindi: रोशन हार्दिक से लम्बा है जोकि सुशील से छोटा है निजा, हैरी से लम्बी है किन्तु हार्दिक से छोटी है। सुशील, रोशन से छोटा है। सबसे लम्बा कौन है?

(a) Susheel / सुशील

(b) Hardik/हार्दिक

(d) Roshan/रोशन

Answer: (d) Roshan/रोशन

Explanation:

Roshan is taller than Hardik: $\text{Roshan} > \text{Hardik}$.
Hardik is shorter than Susheel: $\text{Susheel} > \text{Hardik}$.
Susheel is shorter than Roshan: $\text{Roshan} > \text{Susheel}$.
Niza is taller than Harry but shorter than Hardik: $\text{Hardik} > \text{Niza} > \text{Harry}$.
Combining all heights:
$$\text{Roshan} > \text{Susheel} > \text{Hardik} > \text{Niza} > \text{Harry}$$
Therefore, Roshan is the tallest.

Question 25

English: G is fatter than H but not as fat as M. Q is also not as fat as M. Who is the most lean person in the group?

Hindi: G, H से मोटा है किन्तु उतना मोटा नहीं है। जितना M है। Q भी उतना मोटा नहीं है जितना M। समूह में सबसे पतला कौन है?

(a) Q

(b) H

(d) M

Answer: (b) H

Explanation:

G is fatter than H but less fat than M: $\text{M} > \text{G} > \text{H}$.
Since G is fatter than H, H is leaner than G.
Comparing H and other members, H is at the lower end of the fatness scale, making H the leanest person.

Question 26

English: Vini is an year older than Smith. Smith is two years older than Salim. Raju is an year older than Salim. Who is the youngest of all?

Hindi: वीनी, स्मिथ से एक वर्ष बड़ा है। स्मिथ, सलीम से दो वर्ष बड़ा है। राजू, सलीम से एक वर्ष बड़ा है। सबसे छोटा कौन है?

(a) Raju/राजू

(b) Salim/सलीम

(d) Smith/स्मिथ

Answer: (b) Salim/सलीम

Explanation:

Let Salim's age be $x$ years.
Smith is $2$ years older than Salim: $\text{Smith} = x + 2$.
Vini is $1$ year older than Smith: $\text{Vini} = \text{Smith} + 1 = x + 3$.
Raju is $1$ year older than Salim: $\text{Raju} = x + 1$.
Comparing ages:
$$\text{Vini} (x+3) > \text{Smith} (x+2) > \text{Raju} (x+1) > \text{Salim} (x)$$
Therefore, Salim is the youngest.

Question 27

English: Kanna is taller than Malik. Dev is shorter than Krish where as Krish is taller than Malik. Veena is shorter than Krish but taller than Malik and Dev is taller than Veena. Who is the Shortest?

Hindi: कान्ना मलिक से बड़ी है, देव कृश से छोटा है जबकि कृश मलिक से बड़ा है वीना कृश से छोटा है लेकिन मलिक से बड़ा तथा देव वीना से बड़ा है तो सबसे छोटा कौन है?

(a) Dev/देव

(b) Kanna/कान्ना

(d) Malik/मलिक

Answer: (d) Malik/मलिक

Explanation:

Kanna is taller than Malik: $\text{Kanna} > \text{Malik}$.
Krish is taller than Malik: $\text{Krish} > \text{Malik}$.
Veena is shorter than Krish but taller than Malik: $\text{Krish} > \text{Veena} > \text{Malik}$.
Dev is taller than Veena: $\text{Dev} > \text{Veena}$.
Comparing all relations, Malik is shorter than Kanna, Krish, Veena, and Dev.
Therefore, Malik is the shortest.

Question 28

English: X is elder than Z, Y is younger than Z, Z is elder than W, W is younger than X, who is the eldest?

Hindi: X, Z से बड़ा है, Y, Z से छोटा है। Z, W से बड़ा है। W, X से छोटा है। सबसे बड़ा कौन है?

(a) X

(b) Y

(d) Z

Answer: (a) X

Explanation:

X is elder than Z: $\text{X} > \text{Z}$.
Y is younger than Z: $\text{Z} > \text{Y}$.
Z is elder than W: $\text{Z} > \text{W}$.
Since $\text{X} > \text{Z}$ and Z is elder than both Y and W, X must be the eldest.

Question 29

English: Pearl Towers is taller than Sky Towers but shorter than Unity Towers. Unity Towers and Cyber Towers are of same height. Pearl Towers is shorter than Indus Towers. Amongst the buildings, who is the second shortest?

Hindi: पर्ल मीनार, स्काई मीनार से ऊँची है लेकिन यूनिटी मीनार से छोटी है। यूनिटी मीनार तथा साइबर मीनार की ऊँचाईयाँ समान हैं। पर्ल मीनार, इंडस मीनार से छोटी है। इन इमारतों में से दूसरी सबसे छोटी मीनार कौन सी है?

(a) Pearl Towers/पर्ल मीनार

(b) Sky Towers/स्काई मीनार

(d) Unity Towers/यूनिटी मीनार

Answer: (a) Pearl Towers/पर्ल मीनार

Explanation:

Pearl Towers is taller than Sky Towers: $\text{Pearl} > \text{Sky}$.
Pearl Towers is shorter than Unity Towers: $\text{Unity} > \text{Pearl}$.
Unity Towers and Cyber Towers are of the same height: $\text{Unity} = \text{Cyber}$.
Pearl Towers is shorter than Indus Towers: $\text{Indus} > \text{Pearl}$.
Ordering from shortest to tallest:
$$\text{Sky} < \text{Pearl} < \text{Indus, Unity, Cyber}$$
Therefore, Pearl Towers is the second shortest building.

Question 30

English: In a class, P has more marks than Q and R does not have the least marks. S has more marks than T and T has more marks than P, who among them will have the least marks?

Hindi: एक कक्षा में, P के अंक Q से अधिक है तथा R के अंक सबसे कम नहीं है। S के अंक T से अधिक तथा T के अंक P से अधिक है, इनमें से किसके अंक सबसे कम हैं?

(a) P

(b) Q

(d) T

Answer: (b) Q

Explanation:

P has more marks than Q: $P > Q$.
S has more marks than T: $S > T$.
T has more marks than P: $T > P$.
Combining these:
$$S > T > P > Q$$
Since R does not have the least marks, Q must be the one with the least marks.

Question 31

English: P is shorter than Q but taller than T. R is the tallest and S is shorter than P but not the shortest. Who is second last in the descending order of height?

Hindi: P, Q से छोटा है परंतु T से लम्बा है। R सबसे लम्बा है तथा S, P से छोटा है परंतु सबसे छोटा नहीं है। ऊँचाई के घटते हुए क्रम में अंतिम दूसरा कौन है?

(a) P

(b) Q

(d) T

Answer: (c) S

Explanation:

P is shorter than Q but taller than T: $\text{Q} > \text{P} > \text{T}$.
R is the tallest: $\text{R} > \text{others}$.
S is shorter than P but not the shortest (so S is taller than T): $\text{P} > \text{S} > \text{T}$.
Descending order of height (tallest to shortest):
$$\text{R} (1^{\text{st}}) > \text{Q} (2^{\text{nd}}) > \text{P} (3^{\text{rd}}) > \text{S} (4^{\text{th}}) > \text{T} (5^{\text{th}})$$
The second last in descending order (i.e. $4^{\text{th}}$ position) is S.

Numeric